Spatial+Organization



Spatial Organization   Spatial organization refers to the arrangement of physical and human objects on the Earth's surface. Points, lines, areas and volumes are the four geometric features with which spatial organization can be easily described. For example a school can be thought of as a point, connected by roads (which are lines) leading to nearby parks and neighborhoods (which are areas because they have length and breadth or some irregular measurable shape), whereas a lake in a park can be thought of as a volume (because it has an area and depth). The descriptive process of spatial organization uses concepts such as location, distance, direction, density, and arrangement (linear, grid-like) to capture spatial relationships. In Urban Planning 


 * In Urban Planning is very important this fact...**

Going to History, [|Kevin Lynch] Brought a new paradigm in spacial organization of the city, with his book the image of the city, in which describe the city and its structure according to de human senses:

// The Image of the City // published in 1960, is the result of a five-year study on how users perceive and organize spatial information as they navigate through cities. Using three disparate cities as examples (Boston, Jersey City, and Los Angeles), Lynch reported that users understood their surroundings in consistent and predictable ways, forming [|mental maps] with five elements: In the same book Lynch also coined the words " [|imageability]  " and "  [|wayfinding]  ". // Image of the City // has had important and durable influence in the fields of [|urban planning]  and  [|environmental psychology]. 
 * ** paths **, the streets, sidewalks, trails, and other channels in which people travel;
 * ** edges **, perceived boundaries such as walls, buildings, and shorelines;
 * ** districts **, relatively large sections of the city distinguished by some identity or character;
 * ** nodes **, focal points, intersections or loci;
 * ** landmarks **, readily identifiable objects which serve as external reference points.